Electrical Protection

Introduction:

This course will look into the fundamental and critical aspects of electrical installations. Protection is applied on a component basis. Relays are associated with each significant component of the power distribution system to detect various forms of distress associated with those components. If one of those relays operates, which means that an output contact protective devices, which then isolates the defective system components. It may be convenient to think of the circuit breaker as the muscle that does the work of isolating the component, while the relay is the brain, which decides that isolation is required

Targeted Groups:

• Engineers and Technicians from the Electricity Supply Industry
• Technical Management Professionals and Department Leaders
• Engineering Professionals from companies manufacturing and operating power and distribution transformers
• Engineers and Technical Personnel in power utilities, petrochemical plants, service professionals of large infrastructure projects
• Maintenance and Operations Technicians

Course Objectives:

At the end of this course the participants will be able to:

• Understand the types and reasons of electrical faults
• Appreciate the practical solutions for specifying the correct type of electrical protection
• Understand the comprehensive understanding of principles and selection of relays
• Develop design of protection schemes
• Learn the construction and functions of instrument transformers
• Explain types of grounding system and earthing fault protection

Targeted Competencies:

• Operational Principles and Types of Electrical Protection
• Design of Different Types of Relays
• Protection Coordination and Architecture
• Protection for Feeders, Motors and Transformers
• Short Circuit Current Calculations

Course Content:
Unit 1: Types of Electrical Protection Devices and Faults:

• Importance of Electrical Protection and Control Devices
• Types of Electrical Faults
• Characteristics of High Voltage Fuses for Electrical Protection
• Characteristics of Circuit Breakers for Electrical Protection
• Microprocessor Overcurrent Relays
• Time, Current, Curves and Logic Discrimination
• Hot and Cold Tripping Curves
• LV Switchboard Protection against Short Circuit

Unit 2: Protection Functions and Instrument Transformers:

• Power System Architecture
• Protection Functions
• Selective Coordination
• Lockout and anti-pumping relays
• Sensors
• Current and Voltage Instrument Transformers
• Types of Relays
• Numerical Relays and Functions

Unit 3: Busbar, Transformer, and Motor Protection Systems:

• Busbar Protection
• Transformer Protection
• Motor Protection
• Capacitor Protection
• Overhead Line Protection
• Type of Related Faults
• Relevant Protection Functions
• Protection device coordination

Unit 4: Grounding Systems and Earth Fault Protection:

• Overcurrent Protection for Phase and Earth Faults
• Unit Protection Schemes
• Distance Protection
• Protection of Feeders against Overload and Short Circuit
• Types of Grounding System
• Restricted Earth Fault Protection
• Sensitive Earth Fault Protection
• Protection against Over-voltages

Unit 5: Methods of Commissioning Relays, Short Circuit Current Calculation, and Harmonics:

• Commissioning of Protective Relays
• Calculation of Short Circuit Current
• Fault Topologies
• Short Circuit Current at Fault Point
• Positive, Negative and Zero Sequence Systems
• Triple Harmonics Effects and Mitigation Techniques